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Latin Compounds

Latin Substantives
The stem of a Latin substantive may be used as the first part of a Stem Compound by becoming a combining form in the following ways:
It appears in a form that is identical to the base of the substantive, followed immediately by the Connecting Vowel i, when the second part of the Stem Compound begins with a consonant.
The Connecting Vowel i disappears in polysyllabic combining forms, but retained in monosyllabic combining forms, when the second part of the Stem Compound begins with a vowel, or when the base of the substantive ends in i.
Examples of the forms of the combining forms of substantives appear below:
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Declension, Stem Ending
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Substantive Example
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Word
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Base
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Stem
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Combining Form Before Consonants
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Combining Form Before Vowels
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1, -ā
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puella
(girl)
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puell-
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puellā-
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puelli-
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puell-
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1, -ā (before i)
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grātia
(grace)
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grāti-
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grātiā-
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grāti-
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grāti-
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2, -o
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puer
(boy)
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puer-
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puero-
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pueri-
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puer-
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2, -o (before i)
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gladius
(sword)
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gladi-
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gladio-
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gladi-
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gladi-
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2, -o
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bellum
(war)
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bell-
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bello-
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belli-
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bell-
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2, -o (before i)
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officium
(business)
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offici-
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officio-
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offici-
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offici-
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3, -i
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ignis
(fire)
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ign-
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igni-
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igni-
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ign-
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3, consonant
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flōs
(flower)
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flōr-
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flōr-
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flōri-
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flōr-
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3, consonant or i (mixed i-stem)
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urbs
(city)
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urb-
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urb(i)-
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urbi-
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urb-
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3, bou- (bov-)
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bōs
(ox)
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bov-
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bou-
(bov-)
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bovi-
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bov-
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3, -ū
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sūs
(swine)
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su-
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sū-
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sui-
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su-
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3, -ī
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vīs
(force)
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v-
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vī-
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vi-
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vi-
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4, -u
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manus
(hand)
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man-
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manu-
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mani-
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man-
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5, -ē (before i)
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diēs
(day)
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di-
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diē-
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di-
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di-
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5, -ē (before a consonant)
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fidēs
(faith)
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fid-
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fidē-
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fidi-
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fid-
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5, -ē (before a consonant)
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rēs
(thing)
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r-
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rē-
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ri-
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ri-
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Other substantive stems follow the same procedures.

- Two Groups of Compound Words in Latin
- Stem Compounds
- Three Types of Stem Compounds
- Two Main Parts of a Stem Compound
- Combining the Parts of a Stem Compound
- First Part of a Stem Compound
- Latin Substantives ← You Are Here
- Latin Adjectives
- Latin Verbs
- Special Combining Forms
- Second Part
- Nominative Form or Principal Part
- Inseparable Second Parts
- In Compounded Substantives
- In Compounded Adjectives
- In Compounded Verbs
- Special Terminations
- Syntactic Compounds
- Cases Forms
- Particles
- Inseparable Parts
- Vocabulary
- Bibliography

Latin Compounds | Pāginae Latīnitātis | DIĒS GAUDIĪ

© 2006-2008 Ian Andreas Miller. All rights reserved. Those statements refer to all of the original content on this page.

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