“Latin Compounds”

Latin Adjectives

     The stem of a Latin adjective may be used as the first part of a Stem Compound by becoming a combining form in the following ways:

  • It appears in a form that is identical to the base of the adjective, followed immediately by the Connecting Vowel i, when the second part of the Stem Compound begins with a consonant.

  • The Connecting Vowel i disappears in polysyllabic combining forms, but retained in monosyllabic combining forms, when the second part of the Stem Compound begins with a vowel, or when the base of the adjective ends in i.

     Examples of the forms of the combining forms of adjectives appear below:

Declension, Stem Ending
Adjective Example
Word
Base
Stem
Combining Form Before Consonants
Combining Form Before Vowels
1, -ā bona
(good)
bon- bonā- boni- bon-
1, -ā (before i) media
(middle)
medi- mediā- medi- medi-
2, -o bonus
(good)
bon- bono- boni- bon-
2, -o (before i) medius
(middle)
medi- medio- medi- medi-
2, -o bonum
(good)
bon- bono- boni- bon-
2, -o (before i) medium
(middle)
medi- medio- medi- medi-
3, -i levis
(light)
lev- levi- levi- lev-
3, consonant vetus
(old)
veter- veter- veteri- veter-
3, consonant or –i (mixed i-stem) egēns
(needy)
egent- egent(i)- egenti- egent-

     Other adjectival stems (Cardinals, Ordinals, Distributives, participles) follow the same procedures.

  1. Two Groups of Compound Words in Latin
    1. Stem Compounds
      1. Three Types of Stem Compounds
      2. Two Main Parts of a Stem Compound
      3. Combining the Parts of a Stem Compound
        1. First Part of a Stem Compound
          1. Latin Substantives
          2. Latin Adjectives ← You Are Here
          3. Latin Verbs
          4. Special Combining Forms
        2. Second Part
          1. Nominative Form or Principal Part
          2. Inseparable Second Parts
            1. In Compounded Substantives
            2. In Compounded Adjectives
            3. In Compounded Verbs
          3. Special Terminations
    2. Syntactic Compounds
      1. Cases Forms
      2. Particles
      3. Inseparable Parts
  2. Vocabulary
  3. Bibliography

Latin Compounds | Pāginae Latīnitātis | DIĒS GAUDIĪ

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